Hierarchical Granular Contrastive Network-based Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling for Gas Scheduling of Steel Industry
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摘要: 对于钢铁燃气系统的实时有效调度是实现企业节能降耗的关键. 考虑燃气产消过程所包含的多工况特征, 提出了一种基于分层粒度对比网络的调度知识获取与建模方法. 鉴于深度对比学习对于语义信息的处理能力, 定义和描述了一系列信息粒度, 以建立能源数据的语义表示. 为初步提取多工况调度知识, 采用长短时记忆(Long and short-term memory, LSTM)网络学习具有时变特性的粒度变量特征. 在此基础上, 利用专家经验知识定性地划分对比学习样本, 建立基于粒度对比学习的知识表征网络. 为挖掘调度数据中所包含的深层次知识, 进一步提出了基于反馈机制的分层对比网络模型, 并通过网络输出层实现调度建模任务. 实验部分采用了国内某钢铁厂高炉煤气系统的实际数据进行了多组对比实验, 结果表明所提方法获得的知识表示能够有效提高燃气系统的建模精度, 帮助实现专家级别的调度表现.Abstract: A real-time effective scheduling for gas system of steel industry is important for achieving energy saving and consumption reduction. Considering that the gas generation and consumption processes are characterized by multiple operating conditions, a knowledge acquisition and modeling algorithm based on hierarchical granular contrastive network is proposed. In view of the capabilities of deep contrast learning for processing semantic information, a series of information granularities are defined and described to establish a semantic representation of the energy data. To extract multi-condition scheduling knowledge, a long and short-term memory (LSTM) network is used to learn the time-varying characteristics of granular variables. On top of this, a knowledge representation network based on granular contrastive learning is established, which takes advantage of the expert knowledge to partition the contrastive samples. For digging out deep-level knowledge involved in the scheduling data, a hierarchical contrastive network is further proposed by employing a closed-loop feedback mechanism, and then scheduling modeling tasks can be addressed with output layers. The practical operation data coming from the blast furnace gas system of a domestic steel plant are utilized to perform our experiments. The results show that the multi-condition knowledge representation obtained by the proposed method would help improve the modeling accuracy of the gas system and realize human-level scheduling performance.
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Key words:
- Steel industry /
- gas system /
- knowledge acquisition /
- information granularity /
- contrastive learning
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图 2 燃气产消多工况特征及调度过程
Fig. 2 The multi-condition characteristics and their scheduling process of gas generation and consumption
图 5 样本数据知识表征的计算过程描述
Fig. 5 The calculation process of the knowledge representation of sample data
图 7 分层粒度对比网络实施过程
Fig. 7 The implement process of the hierarchical granular contrastive network
图 9 各阶段对比学习模型的误差比较
Fig. 9 Absolute error of the scheduling amount during different contrastive learning phases
图 10 不同方法获得的调度量绝对误差对比
Fig. 10 Absolute error of the scheduling amount obtained by the comparative algorithms
图 11 通过知识表示构建多工况组合模型与单一预测建模的结果对比
Fig. 11 Prediction modeling results with and without using the granular contrastive learning model for extracting multiple working-condition knowledge
表 1 各对比学习阶段的误差统计
Table 1 Error statistical results of different contrastive learning phases
模型 MAE RMSE MAPE 二分类知识学习 25.5538 35.9038 47.8148 多分类知识学习 25.2805 37.3146 48.4387 分层次对比网络 (本文方法) 14.2621 18.0120 25.9330 
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表 2 各对比方法的误差及耗时统计
Table 2 Statistical results of error and time consumption of the comparative algorithms
模型 MAE RMSE MAPE TC (s) LSSVM 30.8112 40.5874 58.3436 1.8990 Actor-critic 52.6542 62.4786 99.1213 195.1375 LSTM 25.4867 38.1860 48.6895 11.7582 本文方法 14.2621 18.0120 25.9330 39.0892
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表 3 不同场景下的煤气柜位预测误差统计
Table 3 The error statistics of the gas tank level prediction under different situations
统计误差 MAE RMSE MAPE 接近柜位存储上限 单工况 1.8248 2.8128 0.9093 多工况 0.9576 1.1646 0.4794 接近柜位存储下限 单工况 2.0187 2.6831 1.3711 多工况 1.1772 1.5033 0.7981
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