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基于移动机器人的拣货系统研究进展

徐翔斌 马中强

徐翔斌, 马中强. 基于移动机器人的拣货系统研究进展. 自动化学报, 2022, 48(1): 1−20 doi: 10.16383/j.aas.c190728
引用本文: 徐翔斌, 马中强. 基于移动机器人的拣货系统研究进展. 自动化学报, 2022, 48(1): 1−20 doi: 10.16383/j.aas.c190728
Xu Xiang-Bin, Ma Zhong-Qiang. Robotic mobile fulfillment systems: State-of-the-art and prospects. Acta Automatica Sinica, 2022, 48(1): 1−20 doi: 10.16383/j.aas.c190728
Citation: Xu Xiang-Bin, Ma Zhong-Qiang. Robotic mobile fulfillment systems: State-of-the-art and prospects. Acta Automatica Sinica, 2022, 48(1): 1−20 doi: 10.16383/j.aas.c190728

基于移动机器人的拣货系统研究进展

doi: 10.16383/j.aas.c190728
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(71761013), 江西省自然科学基金面上项目(20181BAB201010)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    徐翔斌:华东交通大学交通运输与物流学院教授. 2015年获得中南大学工学博士学位. 主要研究方向为物流与供应链管理, 本文通信作者. E-mail: champagnewq@aliyun.com

    马中强:中南大学交通运输工程学院博士研究生. 主要研究方向为仓库拣货优化, 智能优化算法. E-mail: mzq11302@163.com

Robotic Mobile Fulfillment Systems: State-of-the-art and Prospects

Funds: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (71761013), General Program of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (20181BAB201010)
More Information
    Author Bio:

    XU Xiang-Bin Professor at the School of Transportation and Logistics, East China Jiaotong University. He received his Ph. D. degree from Central South University, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2015. His research interest covers logistics and supply chain management. Corresponding author of this paper

    MA Zhong-Qiang Ph.D. candidate at the School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering at Central South University. His research interest covers warehouse picking optimization and intelligent optimization algorithm

  • 摘要: 基于移动机器人的拣货系统(Robotic mobile fulfillment systems, RMFS)作为一种新型物至人的拣货系统, 相比人工拣货系统和AS/RS拣货系统(下文统称传统拣货系统)具有更高的拣货效率、更好的系统可扩展性和柔性. 为全面了解RMFS的运行模式及其优化方向, 本文首先回顾了RMFS的工作流程及优化理论框架, 然后对RMFS的货位指派、订单分批、任务分配、路径规划以及建模方法等问题进行了文献回顾和总结, 并指出了RMFS与传统拣货系统在拣货过程方面的异同及当前研究的不足. 最后, 讨论了RMFS的几个重要研究方向, 为RMFS的理论研究和应用实践提供参考.
  • 图  1  RMFS拣货区域布局图

    Fig.  1  RMFS picking area layout

    图  2  RMFS订单拣选作业流程

    Fig.  2  RMFS order picking process

    图  3  RMFS拣货优化流程

    Fig.  3  RMFS picking optimization process

    图  4  RMFS优化理论框架

    Fig.  4  RMFS optimization theory framework

    图  5  RMFS货位指派示意图

    Fig.  5  RMFS location assignment diagram

    图  6  RMFS订单分批示意图

    Fig.  6  RMFS order batching diagram

    图  7  RMFS的货架与机器人分配示意图

    Fig.  7  RMFS shelf and robot distribution diagram

    图  8  RMFS的路径规划示意图

    Fig.  8  RMFS path planning diagram

    图  9  RMFS绩效评估的半开放排队网络模型

    Fig.  9  Semi-open queueing network for performance estimation of RMFS

    图  10  RMFS路径规划及其图表示

    Fig.  10  RMFS path planning and its graph representation

    图  11  基于强化学习的RMFS优化框架

    Fig.  11  RMFS optimization framework based on Reinforcement Learning

    图  12  基于Agent的RMFS多机器人运作结构

    Fig.  12  Agent-based multi-robot operation structure of RMFS

    表  1  RMFS研究文献汇总

    Table  1  Summary of literature on RMFS

    问题分类作者研究问题解决方法
    货位指派Nigam 等[4] (2014)货架储位指派问题多类封闭排队网络
    Lamballais 等[3] (2017)仓库布局、商品储位指派、补货作业优化问题半开放排队网络
    Onal 等[15] (2017)商品储位指派问题爆炸存储策略、仿真方法
    Krenzler 等[16] (2018)货架储位再指派问题确定性模型、组合优化算法
    Yuan 等[17] (2019)货架储位指派问题流体模型、基于策略的存储方法
    Weidinger 等[18] (2018)货架储位动态指派混合整数规划模型、自适应规划方法
    Yuan 等[19] (2018)货位指派问题分区存储策略、仿真方法
    Xiang 等[20] (2018)商品储位指派问题与订单分批协同优化混合整数规划模型、可变邻域搜索方法、自适应算法
    蔺一帅等[21] (2020)商品储位指派与路径规划协同优化改进的协同优化遗传算法
    徐翔斌等[22] (2021)货架储位动态指派改进的模拟退火算法
    订单分批吴颖颖等[23] (2016)订单排序问题订单排序优化模型、k-means聚类算法
    Boysen 等[24] (2017)订单分批与订单排序以及货架在拣货
    站台排序的综合优化
    混合整数规划模型、Cplex以及仿真方法
    Xiang 等[20] (2018)商品储位指派问题与订单分批协同优化混合整数规划模型、可变邻域搜索方法、自适应算法
    任务分配及调度Zhou 等[11] (2020)多机器人任务分配问题平衡启发式机制与仿真
    Dou 等[25] (2020)任务调度和路径规划协同优化遗传算法、强化学习
    徐贤浩等[26] (2016)搬运机器人待命泊位策略问题统计建模方法、基于策略的方法
    Yuan 等[27] (2017)搬运机器人共享分配问题共享协议策略、排队网络
    Zou 等[28] (2017)RMFS分配规则问题半开放排队网络、基于规则的方法、
    邻域搜索方法
    Merschformann 等[12] (2018)RMFS作业调度决策问题基于行走策略的研究方法
    Merschformann 等[29] (2018)RMFS作业调度决策问题基于策略的存储和仿真方法
    Ghassemi 等[30] (2018)多机器人任务分配问题基于二部图匹配和模糊聚类的分散多主体任务分配算法、仿真
    Zou 等[31] (2018)评估机器人充电与更换电池策略的优劣半开放排队网络、Arena仿真
    袁瑞萍等[32] (2018)拣货过程任务调度共同进化遗传算法
    Roy 等[33] (2019)RMFS系统绩效评估、机器人分配策略封闭排队网络、两阶段随机模型、Arena仿真
    Yoshitake 等[34] (2019)机器人调度实时全息调度方法
    Zhang 等[35] (2020)RMFS多机器人分配问题改进的遗传算法
    路径规划沈博闻等[8] (2014)多机器人路径规划问题改进的A*算法
    Dou 等[25] (2020)任务调度和路径规划协同优化遗传算法、强化学习
    Kumar 等[36] (2018)RMFS路径规划问题无冲突路径规划算法
    Zhang 等[37] (2018)多机器人无冲突路径规划改进的Dijkstra算法、避碰规则
    张丹露等[38] (2018)多机器人协同路径规划改进的A*算法、动态加权图
    夏清松等[39] (2019)路径规划与作业避障协同研究蚁群算法、避障规则设计
    Lee 等[40] (2019)多机器人无冲突路径规划网络物理系统模型、改进的A*算法以及避碰规则
    于赫年等[41] (2020)多机器人路径规划问题自调优A*算法、主动避障规则
    蔺一帅等[21] (2020)商品储位指派与路径规划协同优化改进的协同优化遗传算法
    RMFS系统设计、评估及其他问题研究Gue 等[42] (2014)RMFS机器人系统控制与评估面向对象建模与仿真
    Yuan 等[43] (2016)评估RMFS的性能, 主要关注机器人
    数量、速度优化
    开放排队网络模型
    Lee 等[44] (2019)变形RMFS的拣货流程优化混合整数规划模型、Gurobi
    Bozer 等[45] (2018)RMFS系统与miniload系统对比仿真方法
    Wang 等[46] (2020)机器人搬运货架的运行周期问题旅行时间模型
    Zhang 等[47] (2019)RMFS快递分拣仓库布局自动化设计机器学习与进化计算组合的方法
    Petković 等[48] (2019)RMFS工作人员的意图评估隐马尔科夫模型和心理理论
    Wang 等[49] (2020)RMFS系统设计框架研究基于瓶颈的模型和开放排队网络模型
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2019-10-21
  • 录用日期:  2020-08-27
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-01-25
  • 刊出日期:  2022-01-25

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