一种迭代边界优化的医学图像小样本分割网络

贾熹滨; 郭雄; 王珞; 杨大为; 杨正汉

doi:10.16383/j.aas.c220994

一种迭代边界优化的医学图像小样本分割网络

doi: 10.16383/j.aas.c220994

贾熹滨^{1, 本,},
郭雄^1,,
王珞^1,,
杨大为^2,,
杨正汉^2,

1.
北京工业大学信息学部北京 100124
2.
首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院北京 100050

基金项目: 国家重点研发项目中国和韩国政府间联合研究项目(2019YFE0107800), 国家自然科学基金(62171298, 82071876, 62476015, 82372043, 82371904)资助

详细信息

作者简介:
贾熹滨：北京工业大学信息学部教授. 主要研究方向为视觉信息认知与计算, 智能医学图像分析和诊断, 情感计算. 本文通信作者. E-mail: jiaxibin@bjut.edu.cn

郭雄：北京工业大学信息学部硕士研究生. 主要研究方向为计算机视觉, 医学图像分割和小样本学习. E-mail: guox@emails.bjut.edu.cn

王珞：北京工业大学信息学部讲师. 主要研究方向为图像检索, 深度学习, 医学影像处理和多模态数据融合. E-mail: wangluo@bjut.edu.cn

杨大为：首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院副教授. 2020年获得首都医科大学博士学位. 主要研究方向为肝脏疾病影像诊断与研究. E-mail: yangdawei@ccmu.edu.cn

杨正汉：首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院教授. 1999年获得北京医科大学博士学位. 主要研究方向为腹部疾病影像诊断, 肝细胞癌及癌前病变的早期影像诊断, MRI新技术的开发与应用. E-mail: yangzhenghan@vip.163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-26
- 录用日期: 2023-07-22
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-15
- 刊出日期: 2024-10-21

A Few-shot Medical Image Segmentation Network With Iterative Boundary Refinement

JIA Xi-Bin^{1, 本
,},
GUO Xiong^1
,,
WANG Luo^1
,,
YANG Da-Wei^2
,,
YANG Zheng-Han^2
,

1.
Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124
2.
Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050

Funds: Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China and South Korea Intergovernmental Joint Research Project (2019YFE0107800) and National Natural Science Foundation of China ((62171298, 82071876, 62476015, 82372043, 82371904))

More Information

Author Bio:
JIA Xi-Bin　Professor at the Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology. Her research interest covers visual information cognition and computing, intelligent medical image analysis and diagnosis, and emotional calculation. Corresponding author of this paper

GUO Xiong　Master student at the Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology. His research interest covers computer vision, medical image segmentation, and few-shot learning

WANG Luo　Lecturer at the Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology. His research interest covers image retrieval, deep learning, medical image processing, and multi-modal data fusion

YANG Da-Wei　Associate professor at the Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University. He received his Ph.D. degree from Capital Medical University in 2020. His main research interest is imaging diagnosis and research on liver disease

YANG Zheng-Han　Professor at the Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University. He received his Ph.D. degree from Beijing Medical University in 1999. His research interest covers imaging diagnosis of abdominal diseases, early imaging diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and precancerous lesions, and development and application of new MRI technology

摘要

摘要: 精准的医学图像自动分割是临床影像学诊断和影像三维重建的重要基础. 但医学图像数据的目标对象间对比度差异小、受器官运动影响大, 加之标注样本规模小, 因此在小样本下建立高性能的医学分割模型仍是目前的难点问题. 针对主流原型学习小样本分割网络对医学图像边界分割性能差的问题, 提出一种迭代边界优化的小样本分割网络(Iterative boundary refinement based few-shot segmentation network, IBR-FSS-Net). 以双分支原型学习的小样本分割框架为基础, 引入类别注意力机制和密集比较模块(Dense comparison module, DCM), 对粗分割掩码进行迭代优化, 引导分割模型在多次迭代学习过程中关注边界, 从而提升边界分割精度. 为进一步克服医学图像训练样本少且多样性不足问题, 使用超像素方法生成伪标签, 扩充训练数据以提升模型泛化性. 在ABD-MR和ABD-CT医学图像分割公共数据集上进行实验, 与现有多种先进的医学图像小样本分割方法进行对比分析和消融实验. 实验结果表明, 该方法有效提升了未见医学类别的分割性能.
- 医学图像分割 /
- 小样本学习 /
- 注意力机制 /
- 边界优化
Abstract: Accurate automatic segmentation of medical images is an important basis for clinical imaging diagnosis and 3D image reconstruction. However, medical image data has small contrast differences between target objects, is greatly affected by organ movement, and the scale of labeled samples is small. Therefore, it is still a difficult problem to establish a high-performance medical segmentation model under few samples. In view of the poor performance of the mainstream prototype learning few-shot segmentation network for medical image boundary segmentation, an iterative boundary refinement based few-shot segmentation network (IBR-FSS-Net) is proposed. Based on the few-shot segmentation framework of dual-branch prototype learning, the category attention mechanism and dense comparison module (DCM) are introduced to iteratively refine the coarse segmentation mask, and guide the segmentation model to focus on the boundary during multiple iterative learning processes, thereby improving the boundary segmentation accuracy. In order to further overcome the problem of few training samples and insufficient diversity of medical images, this paper uses the super-pixel method to generate pseudo-labels and expand the training data to improve the generalization of the model. Experiments on the mainstream ABD-MR and ABD-CT medical image segmentation public datasets are done, we conduct extensive comparative analysis and ablation experiments with various existing advanced medical image few-shot segmentation methods. The results show that our method effectively improves the segmentation performance of unseen medical categories.
- Medical image segmentation /
- few-shot learning /
- attention mechanism /
- boundary refinement
注释:

1) 本文责任编委 XXX Recommended by Associate Editor BIAN Wei

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图 1 一种迭代边界优化的小样本分割网络

Fig. 1 An iterative boundary refinement based few-shot segmentation network

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图 2 基于注意力机制的边界优化模块

Fig. 2 Boundary refinement module based on attention mechanism

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图 3 原型网络结构图

Fig. 3 Prototype network structure diagram

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图 4 密集比较模块

Fig. 4 Dense comparison module

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图 5 基于超像素算法的样本扩充方法

Fig. 5 Sample augmentation approach based on super-pixel algorithm

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图 6 ABD-MR数据集划分示意图

Fig. 6 ABD-MR dataset partition diagram

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图 7 医学图像小样本分割网络的Baseline模型

Fig. 7 Baseline model of few-shot medical image segmentation network

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图 8 核磁共振成像图像中的4种器官样例的预测分割掩码

Fig. 8 Predicted segmentation masks for four organ samples in magnetic resonance images

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图 9 电子计算机断层扫描图像中的4种器官样例的预测分割掩码

Fig. 9 Predicted segmentation masks for four organ samples in computed tomography images

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表 1 ABD-CT和ABD-MR数据集上, 不同方法的Dice系数值 (%)

Table 1 Dice coefficient values with different models on ABD-CT and ABD-MR datasets (%)

方法	ABD-CT					ABD-MR
方法	脾脏	左肾	右肾	肝脏	平均值	脾脏	左肾	右肾	肝脏	平均值
SE-Net	0.23	32.83	14.34	0.27	11.91	51.80	62.11	61.32	27.43	50.66
PANet	25.59	32.34	17.37	38.42	29.42	50.90	53.45	38.64	42.26	46.33
SSL-ALPNet	60.25	63.34	54.82	73.65	63.02	67.02	73.63	78.39	73.05	73.02
GCN-DE	56.53	68.13	75.50	46.77	61.73	60.63	76.07	83.03	49.47	67.30
RP-Net	69.85	70.48	70.00	79.62	72.48	76.35	81.40	85.78	73.51	79.26
ADNet	—	—	—	—	—	75.92	75.28	83.28	80.81	78.82
PoissonSeg	52.33	50.11	47.02	58.74	52.05	52.85	50.58	53.57	61.03	54.51
AAS-DCL	66.36	64.71	69.95	71.61	68.16	74.86	76.90	83.75	69.94	76.36
IBR-FSS-Net	71.73	73.78	72.02	78.13	73.92	75.12	82.19	85.64	75.89	79.71

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表 2 不同组件组合方式的Dice系数值 (%)

Table 2 Dice coefficient values with different component combinations (%)

组合方式	脾脏	左肾	右肾	肝脏	平均值
Baseline	62.33	63.65	66.87	64.18	64.26
Baseline+Concat	60.62	65.55	68.53	66.56	65.32
Baseline+BRM	66.63	72.10	74.83	69.17	70.68
Baseline+3Concat	61.20	68.72	70.38	66.95	66.81
Baseline+3BRM	75.12	82.19	85.64	75.89	79.71

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表 3 不同边界优化模块数量的Dice系数值 (%)

Table 3 Dice coefficient values with different number of boundary refinement modules (%)

组件	脾脏	左肾	右肾	肝脏	平均值
Baseline	62.33	63.65	66.87	64.18	64.26
Baseline+BRM	66.63	72.10	74.83	69.17	70.68
Baseline+2BRM	69.88	79.98	82.12	73.56	76.39
Baseline+3BRM	75.12	82.19	85.64	75.89	79.71
Baseline+4BRM	68.57	77.23	78.82	69.60	73.56
Baseline+5BRM	64.13	70.55	72.69	66.42	68.45

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表 4 不同特征提取网络的Dice系数值 (%)

Table 4 Dice coefficient values with different feature extraction networks (%)

骨干网络	脾脏	左肾	右肾	肝脏	平均值
VGG-16	52.09	63.83	64.48	57.88	59.57
U-Net	69.66	78.94	80.46	72.15	75.30
Res U-Net	71.82	78.24	81.10	73.41	76.14
Attention U-Net	73.96	79.14	83.51	73.60	77.55
ResNet50	71.23	78.19	82.57	73.68	76.42
ResNet101	75.12	82.19	85.64	75.89	79.71

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表 5 不同度量网络组合方式的Dice系数值 (%)

Table 5 Dice coefficient values with different combination of metric networks (%)

度量网络组合方式	脾脏	左肾	右肾	肝脏	平均值
Prototypical-Net	70.92	80.61	83.70	74.48	77.43
DCM	71.53	81.36	83.44	74.81	77.79
DCM+Prototypical-Net	72.97	81.49	83.68	74.83	78.24
Prototypical-Net+DCM	75.12	82.19	85.64	75.89	79.71

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表 6 ABD-CT和ABD-MR数据集上, 与其他少标注样本下医学图像分割方法对比的Dice系数值 (%)

Table 6 Dice coefficient values with other medical segmentation models in case of less annotated sample on ABD-CT and ABD-MR datasets (%)

方法(比例)	ABD-CT					ABD-MR
方法(比例)	脾脏	左肾	右肾	肝脏	平均值	脾脏	左肾	右肾	肝脏	平均值
MagicNet (30%)	91.42	86.19	84.64	93.89	89.04	—	—	—	—	—
CVCL (部分)	95.40	94.60	94.60	96.70	95.33	—	—	—	—	—
C-CAM (0%)	—	—	—	—	—	74.16	81.00	84.75	72.68	78.15
IBR-FSS-Net (5%)	71.73	73.78	72.02	78.13	73.92	75.12	82.19	85.64	75.89	79.71

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