面向工业无线网络的动态<b>TDMA</b>系统设计与实现

徐川; 曾日辉; 邢媛; 邓炳光; 赵国锋

doi:10.16383/j.aas.c190797

面向工业无线网络的动态TDMA系统设计与实现

doi: 10.16383/j.aas.c190797

徐川^1,,
曾日辉^1,,
邢媛^1,,
邓炳光^1,,
赵国锋^1,

1.
重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院重庆 400065

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金 (62171070), 国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1800301, 2018YFB1800304), 国家科技重大专项基金(2018ZX03001016), 重庆市研究生科研创新项目(CYB19176, BYJS201905) 资助

详细信息

作者简介:
徐川：重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院教授. 主要研究方向为工业互联网, 软件定义网络, 网络测量, 天地一体化网络. 本文通信作者. E-mail: xuchuan@cqupt.edu.cn

曾日辉：重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院硕士研究生. 主要研究方向为工业互联网, 软件定义网络, 时间敏感网络. E-mail: zrh_113113@126.com

邢媛：重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院博士研究生. 主要研究方向为工业物联网, 时间敏感网络. E-mail: xingystudy@foxmail.com

邓炳光：重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院副教授. 主要研究方向为通信网与测试技术, 仪器科学与技术. E-mail: dengbg@cqupt.edu.cn

赵国锋：重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院教授. 主要研究方向为工业互联网, 天地一体化网络, 网络测量. E-mail: zhaofg@cqupt.edu.cn

计量
- 文章访问数: 1638
- HTML全文浏览量: 887
- PDF下载量: 234
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-11-20
- 录用日期: 2020-06-19
- 网络出版日期: 2022-09-22
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-22

Design and Implementation of Dynamic TDMA System for Industrial Wireless Networks

1.
School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065

Funds: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (62171070), National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFB1800301, 2018YFB1800304), National Science and Technology Major Project (2018ZX03001016), and Chongqing Postgraduate Research and Innovation Project (CYB19176, BYJS201905)

More Information

Author Bio:
XU Chuan　Professor at the School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications. His research interest covers industrial internet, software defined network, network measurement, and the space-earth integrated network. Corresponding author of this paper

ZENG Ri-Hui　Master student at the School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications. His research interest covers industrial internet, software defined network, and time sensitive network

XING Yuan　Ph.D. candidate at the School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications. Her research interest covers industrial internet of things and time sensitive network

DENG Bing-Guang　Associate professor at the School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications. His research interest covers communication network and testing technology, and instrument science

ZHAO Guo-Feng　Professor at the School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications. His research interest covers industrial internet, the space-earth integrated network, and network measurement

摘要

摘要: 随着工业4.0的发展, 不同种类的新型工业应用被部署到工厂中, 这对现有工业无线技术提出了实时性和高速率的要求. 为了同时满足这两种需求, 本文在支持高速率的IEEE802.11的基础上, 提出了基于软件定义的动态时分多址(Time division multiple access, TDMA)机制无线接入系统. 首先, 为了提供时延有界的传输服务, 设计并实现了基于MAC (Medium access control)层的动态TDMA接入机制. 然后, 为了满足工业无线网络中的动态变化的带宽需求, 考虑设备数据量的动态变化, 在SDN (Software defined network)控制器上通过基于最小二乘法的线性回归算法预测设备时隙需求, 再将动态时隙分配问题转化为优化问题以最大化网络中所有设备动态时隙需求. 最后, 通过仿真对比TDMA时隙分配算法的性能, 并在实际网络环境中开展系统部署与测试. 结果表明, 相对于其他TDMA接入机制, 动态TDMA机制在保障时延有界的同时能有效提升传输性能.
- 工业无线网络 /
- 动态TDMA /
- 软件定义网络 /
- 时隙分配
Abstract: With the development of Industry 4.0, various types of new industrial applications are deployed in factories, which introduces real-time and high-rate requirements for existing industrial wireless technologies. To satisfy the two requirements simultaneously, we propose a software-defined based dynamic TDMA (time division multiple access) wireless access system with high-speed IEEE802.11. Firstly, to guarantee the transport service with bounded delay, we design a dynamic TDMA access mechanism based on MAC (medium access control) layer. Moreover, to meet the dynamic bandwidth requirements in industrial wireless networks, the linear time-regression algorithm based on the least square method on the SDN (software defined network) controller considering the dynamic changes in the amount of device data is used to predict the device time slot requirements, then the dynamic time slot allocation problem is translated into an optimization problem to maximize the dynamic slot requirements of all devices in the network. Finally, we conduct simulations to compare the performance of TDMA channel resources management algorithms, and implement them in real networks to evaluate the performance of dynamic TDMA system. The experimental results demonstrate that comparing with existing TDMA wireless access mechanisms, the dynamic TDMA mechanism can guarantee delay bound and improve the transmission performance efficiently.
- Industrial wireless network /
- dynamic TDMA /
- software defined network (SDN) /
- time slot allocation

HTML全文

图 1 工业物联网场景图

Fig. 1 A typic industrial wireless internet of things

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 动态TDMA信道接入方式

Fig. 2 Dynamic TDMA channel access method

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 DTS系统结构图

Fig. 3 The architecture of DTS system

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 INFO_FEEDBACK帧的结构

Fig. 4 INFO_FEEDBACK frame structure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 控制器原理图

Fig. 5 The schematic of controller

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 AP原理图

Fig. 6 The schematic of AP

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 用户设备原理图

Fig. 7 The schematic of device

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 不同类型数据的平均时延

Fig. 8 The average delay of different types of data

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 不同类型数据的吞吐量

Fig. 9 The throughput of different types of data

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 测试环境逻辑示意图

Fig. 10 Test environment logical topology

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 真实网络中不同类型数据的平均时延

Fig. 11 The average delay of different types of data in real network

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 真实网络中不同类型数据的吞吐量

Fig. 12 The throughput of different types of data in real network

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 测试硬件设备以及参数

Table 1 Testing hardware devices and parameters

设备名称	设备型号	数目	CPU	内存	网卡	操作系统
控制器	台式机	1	I5-7300 四核	16 GB	AR9580	Windows7
AP	WNDR4300	1	QCA9553	128 MB	AR9580	OpenWRT
多媒体设备	台式机	4	E7200 双核	2 GB	AR9280	Ubuntu14
周期性数据设备	WNDR3800	12	AR7161	128 MB	AR9220	OpenWRT

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 数据帧参数设置

Table 2 Data frame parameter

数据类型	帧长 (Byte)	平均发包数目 (个/s)
周期性数据	260	125
多媒体数据	860 ~ 1060	250
移动端数据	550	Random (250)

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(27)

[1]	Vitturi S, Zunino C, Sauter T. Industrial communication systems and their future challenges: next-generation ethernet, IIoT, and 5G. Proceedings of the IEEE, 2019, 107(6): 944-961. doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2019.2913443
[2]	王飞跃, 张军, 张俊, 王晓. 工业智联网: 基本概念、关键技术与核心应用. 自动化学报, 2018, 44(09): 1606-1617. Wang Fei-Yue, Zhang Jun, Zhang Jun, Wang Xiao. Industrial Internet of Minds: Concept, Technology and Application. Acta Automatica Sinica, 2018, 44(09): 1606-1617.
[3]	Boyes H, Hallaq B, Cunningham J, Watson T. The industrial internet of things (IIoT): an analysis framework. Computers in Industry, 2018, 101: 1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.compind.2018.04.015
[4]	Bello L L, Steiner W. A perspective on IEEE time-sensitive networking for industrial communication and automation systems. Proceedings of the IEEE, 2019, 107(6): 1094-1120. doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2019.2905334
[5]	Jin X, Xia C, Guan N, Xu C, Li D, Zeng P. Real-time scheduling of massive data in time sensitive networks with a limited number of schedule entries. IEEE Access, 2020, 8: 6751-6767. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2964690
[6]	黄韬, 汪硕, 黄玉栋等. 确定性网络研究综述. 通信学报, 2019, 40(06): 160-176. Huang Tao, Wang Shuo, Huang Yu-Dong, et al. Survey of the deterministic network. Journal on Communications, 2019, 40(06): 160-176.
[7]	Liu Y, Kashef M, Lee K B, Benmohamed L, Candell R. Wireless network design for emerging IIoT applications: reference framework and use cases. Proceedings of the IEEE, 2019, 107(6): 1166-1192. doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2019.2905423
[8]	Yousefi H H, Kavian Y S, Mahmoudi A. A Markov model for investigating the impact of IEEE802.15.4 MAC layer parameters and number of clusters on the performance of wireless sensor networks. Wireless Networks, 2019, 25(7): 4415−4430
[9]	Papadopoulos G Z, Matsui T, Thubert P, Texier G Watteyne T, Montavont N. Leapfrog collaboration: Toward determinism and predictability in industrial-IoT applications. In: Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Paris, France: IEEE, 2017. 1−6
[10]	Koutsiamanis R A, Papadopoulos G Z, Fafoutis X, Julian M, Fiore D, Thubert P, Montavont N. From best effort to deterministic packet delivery for wireless industrial IoT networks. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 2018, 14(10): 4468-4480. doi: 10.1109/TII.2018.2856884
[11]	Prinz F, Schoeffler M, Lechler A, Verl A W. Dynamic real-time orchestration of I4.0 components based on time-sensitive networking. Procedia CIRP, 2018, 72: 910-915. doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2018.03.174
[12]	Messenger J L. Time-sensitive networking: an introduction. IEEE Communications Standards Magazine, 2018, 2(2): 29-33. doi: 10.1109/MCOMSTD.2018.1700047
[13]	Nasrallah A, Thyagaturu A S, Alharbi Z, Wang C, Shao X, Reisslein M, ElBakoury H. Ultra-low latency networks: The IEEE TSN and IETF DetNet standards and related 5G ULL research. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2018, 21(1): 88-145.
[14]	Xia N, Chen H H, Yang C S. Radio resource management in machine-to-machine communications—a survey. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2017, 20(1): 791-828.
[15]	Genc E, Del Carpio L F. Wi-Fi QoS enhancements for Downlink Operations in industrial automation using TSN. In: Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS), Sundsvall, Sweden: IEEE, 2019.1−6
[16]	Cena G, Scanzio S, Valenzano A. Improving effectiveness of seamless redundancy in real industrial Wi-Fi networks. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 2017, 14(5): 2095-2107.
[17]	Wei Y H, Leng Q, Han S, Mok A K, Zhang W, Tomizuka M. RT-WiFi: Real-time high-speed communication protocol for wireless cyber-physical control applications. In: Proceedings of the 34th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium, Vancouver, Canada: IEEE, 2013. 140−149
[18]	Cheng Y, Yang D, Zhou H. Det-wifi: a multihop tdma mac implementation for industrial deterministic applications based on commodity 802.11 hardware. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2017, 2017: 1-10.
[19]	Amodu O A, Othman M. A survey of hybrid MAC protocols for machine-to-machine communications. Telecommunication Systems, 2018, 69(1): 141-165. doi: 10.1007/s11235-018-0434-4
[20]	Shahin N, Ali R, Kim Y T. Hybrid slotted-csma/ca-tdma for efficient massive registration of iot devices. IEEE Access, 2018, 6: 18366-18382. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2815990
[21]	Shoaei A D, Derakhshani M, Parsaeefard S, LeNgoc T. Learning-based hybrid TDMA-CSMA MAC protocol for virtualized 802.11 WLANs. In: Proceedings of the 26th IEEE Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), Hong Kong, China: IEEE, 2015. 1861−1866
[22]	Cruces C, Torrego R, Arriola A, Val I. Deterministic hybrid architecture with time sensitive network and wireless capabilities. In: Proceedings of the 23rd IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), Turin, Italy, IEEE, 2018. 1119−1122
[23]	Adame T, Carrascosa M, Bellalta B. Time-sensitive networking in IEEE 802.11 be: on the way to low-latency WiFi 7. Computer Science, 2019, 1912.
[24]	Yu M, Rexford J, Freedman M J, Wang J. Scalable flow-based networking with difane. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2011, 41(4): 351-362.
[25]	Xu C, Jin W, Wang X H, Zhao G F, Yu S. MC-VAP: a multi-connection virtual access point for high performance software-defined wireless networks. Journal of network and computer applications, 2018, 122: 88-98. doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2018.08.009
[26]	Sood K, Yu S, Xiang Y. Software-defined wireless networking opportunities and challenges for internet-of-things: a review. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2015, 3(4): 453-463.
[27]	McKeown N, Anderson T, Balakrishnan H, Parulkar G, Peterson L, Rexford J. Openflow: enabling innovation in campus networks. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2008, 38(2): 69-74. doi: 10.1145/1355734.1355746