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摘要: 本文研究了分布式控制策略下直流微电网的负荷分配和电压平衡问题. 给出一种新的基于分布式策略的下垂控制器设计方法, 能够在统一的框架下实现直流微电网负载共享和电压平衡. 首先,将直流微电网的负载共享和电压平衡问题转化为多目标优化问题, 其性能指标与微源的容量密切相关. 然后, 通过求解多目标优化问题获得实现负载共享和电压平衡的集中式控制策略, 并给出下垂控制器的设计方法. 为了降低系统的通信负担, 给出一种新的只需与邻居节点交换信息的分布式控制策略, 通过理论分析可知该分布式控制策略能够收敛到多目标优化问题的最优解. 最后, 通过对新能源汽车充换电站系统的仿真验证了本文提出的方法的有效性.Abstract: This paper is concerned with the issue of load sharing and voltage balance of DC microgrid under distributed control strategy. A new design method of droop controller based on distributed strategy is presented, which can realize load sharing and voltage balance under a uniform framework. Firstly, the problems of the load sharing and voltage balance of DC microgrid are transformed into multi-objective optimization problems which performance index is closely related to the capacity of distributed generations. Then, the centralized control strategy achieving load sharing and voltage balance is obtained by solving the multi-objective optimization problem, and the design method of droop controller is given. In order to reduce the communication burden of the system, a new distributed control strategy which only needs to exchange information with neighbor nodes is proposed. The theoretical analysis shows that the distributed control strategy can converge to the optimal solution of multi-objective optimization problem. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the simulation of the new energy vehicle charging and changing station system.
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Key words:
- Distributed control /
- multi-objective optimization /
- voltage balance /
- load sharing /
- droop control
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图 7 基于分布式方案的
$k, V, I_s $ 的演化曲线$a = 0.5$ Fig. 7 When
$a = 0.5$ , the evolution curve of$k, V, I_s $ based on the distributed scheme
图 8
$a = 0.1, 0.5, 0.9$ 的$k, V, I_s/m$ 的演化曲线Fig. 8 When
$a = 0.1, 0.5, 0.9$ , the evolution curve of$k, V, I_s/m$ 
图 9 负载变化对
$k, V, I_s $ 的影响$a = 0.5$ Fig. 9 When
$a = 0.5$ , effect of load change on$k, V, I_s $ -
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