高速列车牵引传动系统故障测试与验证仿真平台研究

杨超; 彭涛; 阳春华; 陈志文; 桂卫华

doi:10.16383/j.aas.c190395

高速列车牵引传动系统故障测试与验证仿真平台研究

doi: 10.16383/j.aas.c190395

杨超^1,2,,
彭涛^1,2,,
阳春华^1,2,,
陈志文^1,2,,
桂卫华^1,

1.
中南大学自动化学院长沙 410083
2.
轨道交通节能控制与安全监测湖南省重点实验室长沙 410083

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(61490702, 61773407, 61621062, 61803390), 轨道交通节能控制与安全监测湖南省重点实验室(2017TP1002), 湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX2018B041)资助

详细信息

作者简介:
杨超：中南大学自动化学院博士研究生. 2017年获得中南大学控制学科硕士学位. 主要研究方向为高速列车故障诊断与测试仿真技术. E-mail: chaoyang@csu.edu.cn

彭涛：中南大学自动化学院教授. 2005年获得中南大学博士学位. 主要研究方向为复杂系统的故障注入、诊断与容错控制. E-mail: pandtao@csu.edu.cn

阳春华：中南大学自动化学院教授. 国家杰出青年基金获得者. 2002年获得中南大学博士学位. 主要研究方向为复杂工业过程建模与优化, 故障诊断和智能系统. 本文通信作者. E-mail: ychh@csu.edu.cn

陈志文：中南大学自动化学院副教授. 2016年获得德国杜伊斯堡 − 埃森大学博士学位. 主要研究方向为基于模型和数据驱动的故障诊断技术. E-mail: zhiwen.chen@csu.edu.cn

桂卫华：中国工程院院士, 中南大学自动化学院教授. 1981年获得中南矿冶学院硕士学位. 主要研究方向为复杂工业过程建模, 优化与控制应用, 故障诊断与分布式鲁棒控制. E-mail: gwh@csu.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-05-20
- 录用日期: 2019-09-20
- 刊出日期: 2019-12-01

Fault Testing and Validation Simulation Platform for Traction Drive System of High-speed Trains

YANG Chao^{1,2
,},
PENG Tao^{1,2
,},
YANG Chun-Hua^{1,2
,},
CHEN Zhi-Wen^{1,2
,},
GUI Wei-Hua^1
,

1.
School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083
2.
Hunan Provincial Laboratory of Energy Saving Control and Safety Monitoring for Rail Transportation, Changsha 410083

Funds: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (61490702, 61773407, 61621062, 61803390), Key Laboratory of Energy Saving Control and Safety Monitoring for Rail Transportation (2017TP1002), and Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate (CX2018B041)

摘要

摘要: 牵引传动系统作为高速列车能量传递与转换的核心部分, 是保障高铁安全稳定运行的关键系统之一. 故障测试与验证平台是确保实时故障诊断技术在高速列车上有效应用的重要手段和途径. 围绕高速列车牵引传动系统故障测试与验证平台中面临的挑战性问题和关键技术, 本文从故障注入、仿真可信度评估、算法性能评估和仿真平台实现等方法和技术方面进行分析, 并针对上述难题概述了一些解决方案, 提出并构建了一种集高速列车实时仿真、故障运行行为逼真模拟以及随机故障测试和故障诊断算法评估于一体的牵引传动系统故障测试与验证实时仿真平台. 最后, 总结展望了高速列车安全监测验证平台未来研究方向.
- 故障测试 /
- 验证平台 /
- 故障注入 /
- 测试评估 /
- 高速列车牵引传动系统
Abstract: As the power system of high-speed train, the traction drive system is one of the key systems to guarantee the safe and stable operation for high-speed train. Fault testing and verification platform is an important way to ensure the effective application of real-time fault diagnosis methods on high-speed trains. Focusing on the challenging issues in the fault testing and verification platform of the traction drive system of high-speed train, this paper analyzes the methods and technologies of fault injection, simulation reliability evaluation, algorithm performance evaluation and simulation platform implementation, and summarizes some solutions to the above problems. Moreover, this paper further proposes and builds a fault testing verification platform for high-speed train traction drive system, which integrates real-time simulation of high-speed train, realistic simulation for fault scenarios, random fault testing and fault diagnosis algorithm evaluation. Finally, the future research direction of the safety monitoring and verification platform for high-speed trains is summarized and prospected.
- Fault testing /
- validation platform /
- fault injection /
- testing evaluation /
- traction drive system of high-speed trains

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图 1 牵引传动系统示意图

Fig. 1 Diagram of traction drive system

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图 2 高速列车牵引传动系统分层示意图

Fig. 2 Hierarchy of traction drive systems of high-speed train

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图 3 高速列车信息控制系统故障测试实时仿真系统架构

Fig. 3 Real-time simulation system architecture for the fault testing and verification of information control system in high-speed train

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图 4 基于HLA-RTI的高速列车信息控制系统故障测试与验证实时仿真结构

Fig. 4 HLA-RTI-based real-time simulation architecture the fault testing and verification of information control system in high-speed train

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图 5 基于信号与模型混合的故障注入器示意图^[69]

Fig. 5 Diagram of mixed signal and model-based fault injector^[69]

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图 6 仿真平台解算资源分配示意图^[29]

Fig. 6 Diagram of the resource distribution in simulation platform^[29]

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图 7 某类故障注入下实时仿真模型解算的时序规划^[29]

Fig. 7 Timing planning of real-time simulation model solution under a fault condition^[29]

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图 8 基于HIL的牵引传动系统故障测试与验证半实物仿真平台^[78]

Fig. 8 HIL-based fault testing and validation simulation platform for traction drive system^[78]

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图 9 牵引传动系统故障测试软件的用户界面

Fig. 9 The user interface of fault testing software of traction drive system

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表 1 平台实现方式的对比

Table 1 Comparison of platform implementation schemes

实现方式	实验成本	测试数据可信度	模拟故障危险性	测试周期	平台实现难易
实物	高	高	高	慢	难
虚拟	低	低	低	中	易
半实物	中	中	中	快	中

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表 2 现有具备故障模拟功能的高速列车验证平台对比

Table 2 Comparison of the existing high-speed train verification platform with fault simulation injection

实现方式	可控性	故障场景的覆盖面	实时性
实物	手动为主, 可控性差	硬件故障为主	满足算法实时性测试
虚拟	自动操作, 可控性高	故障类型限制小	不满足算法实时性测试
半实物	自动操作, 可控性高	个别元部件、简单故障, 难以模拟复杂故障场景	基本满足算法实时性测试

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表 3 实时仿真器不同处理器芯片的对比

Table 3 Comparison of different processor chips in real-time simulator

芯片	运算方式	运算频率	平均耗时范围	运算负载影响	单价	不足
DSP	串行	GHz	毫秒- 微秒级	大	低	模型平均解算速度慢, 且与模型解算规模成反比
FPGA	并行	MHz	纳秒级	小	高	资源有限, 时序受约束

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表 4 三级故障测试性能评估指标

Table 4 Three-level-based performance evaluation index for fault testing

综合性能指标	关键性能指标	基本性能指标
综合性能指标	可维修性指标群	平均检测延迟
	可维修性指标群	灵敏度
	检测可用性指标群	检测率
		误检率
		漏检率
	诊断可靠性指标群	故障位置辨识率
		故障类型辨识率
		故障参数辨识率

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