基于改进随机森林算法的工业过程运行状态评价

常玉清; 孙雪婷; 钟林生; 王福利; 刘英娇

doi:10.16383/j.aas.c190066

基于改进随机森林算法的工业过程运行状态评价

doi: 10.16383/j.aas.c190066

常玉清^1,,
孙雪婷^1,,
钟林生^1,,
王福利^{1, 2,},
刘英娇^1,

1.
东北大学信息科学与工程学院沈阳 110819
2.
流程工业综合自动化国家重点实验室(东北大学) 沈阳 110819

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(61673092, 61533007, 61304121, 61973057, 61873053), 创新研究群体科学基金(61621004), 中央高校基础科研业务费(N150404017), 矿冶过程自动控制技术国家重点实验室开放基金(BGRIMM-KZSKL-2018-08)资助

详细信息

作者简介:
常玉清：东北大学教授. 2002年于东北大学获得博士学位. 主要研究方向为复杂工业过程建模、监测、运行状态评价及过程优化. E-mail: changyuqing@ise.neu.edu.cn

孙雪婷：东北大学硕士研究生. 2017年于大连交通大学获得学士学位. 主要研究方向为复杂工业过程的建模控制与优化. 本文通信作者. E-mail: xuetingsun111@163.com

钟林生：东北大学信息科学与工程学院博士研究生. 主要研究方向为复杂工业过程运行状态评价和故障诊断. E-mail: zhonglinsheng_neu@163.com

王福利：东北大学信息科学与工程学院教授. 主要研究方向为复杂工业过程建模、优化与故障诊断. E-mail: wangfuli@ise.neu.edu.cn

刘英娇：东北大学硕士研究生. 2015年于东北大学秦皇岛分校获得学士学位. 主要研究方向为复杂工业过程的建模控制与优化. E-mail: liuyingjiao1992@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-01-27
- 录用日期: 2019-09-09
- 刊出日期: 2021-10-13

Industrial Operation Performance Evaluation of Industrial Processes Based on Modified Random Forest

1.
College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819
2.
State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries (Northeastern University), Shenyang 110819

Funds: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (61673092, 61533007, 61304121, 61873053), Science Foundation for Innovative Research Groups (61621004), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (N150404017), and Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Process Automation in Mining and Metallurgy (BGRIMM-KZSKL-2018-08)

More Information

Author Bio:
CHANG Yu-Qing　Professor at Northeastern University. She received her Ph.D. degree from Northeastern University in 2002. Her research interest covers industrial process modeling, monitoring, operation performance evaluation, and optimization

SUN Xue-Ting　Master student at Northeastern University. She received her bachelor degree from Dalian Jiaotong University in 2017. Her research interest covers modeling control and optimization of complex industrial processes. Corresponding author of this paper

ZHONG Lin-Sheng　Ph.D. candidate at the College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University. His research interest covers operating performance assessment and fault diagnosis of complex industrial processes

WANG Fu-Li　Professor at Northeastern University. His research interest covers modeling control, optimization, and fault diagnosis of complex industrial processes

LIU Ying-Jiao　Master student at Northeastern University. She received her bachelor degree from Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao in 2015. Her research interest covers modeling control and optimization of complex industrial processes

摘要

摘要: 运行状态评价是指在过程正常生产的前提下, 进一步判断生产过程运行状态的优劣. 针对复杂工业过程定量信息与定性信息共存的情况, 本文提出了一种基于随机森林的工业过程运行状态评价方法. 针对随机森林中决策树信息存在冗余的问题, 基于互信息将传统随机森林中的决策树进行分组, 并选出每组中最优的决策树组成新的随机森林. 同时为了强化评价精度高的决策树和弱化评价精度低的决策树对最终评价结果的影响, 使用加权投票机制取代传统众数投票方法, 最终构成一种基于互信息的加权随机森林算法(Mutual information weighted random forest, MIWRF). 对于在线评价, 本文通过计算在线数据处于各个等级的概率, 并且结合提出的在线评价策略, 判定当前样本运行状态等级. 为了验证所提算法的有效性, 将所提方法应用于湿法冶金浸出过程, 实验结果表明, 相对于传统随机森林算法, MIWRF 降低了模型的复杂度, 同时提高了运行状态评价精度.
- 湿法冶金 /
- 运行状态评价 /
- 互信息 /
- 加权随机森林
Abstract: Operation performance evaluation refers to further judging the operation performance of process on the premise of normal production. In the view of coexistence of qualitative information and quantitation information during the industrial processes, a method of industrial operation performance evaluation of industrial processes based on modified random forest is proposed. In order to solve the problem of redundancy of decision trees information in random forest, decision trees are grouped based on mutual information, and the optimal decision tree in each group is selected to form a new random forest. Meanwhile, in order to strengthen the decision tree with high evaluation accuracy and weaken the decision tree with low evaluation accuracy, weighted voting mechanism are proposed to replace the traditional mode voting, and finally a mutual information weighted random forest (MIWRF) based on mutual information is formed. To verify the proposed method, the method is applied to hydrometallurgical leaching process. The result shows that MIWRF reduces the complexity of the model and improves the accuracy of operation performance evaluation compared with the traditional random forest algorithm.
- Hydrometallurgy /
- operation performance evaluation /
- mutual information /
- weighted random forest
注释:

1) 收稿日期 2019-01-27 录用日期 2019-09-09 Manuscript received January 27, 2019; accepted September 9,2019 国家自然科学基金 (61673092, 61533007, 61304121, 61973057, 61873053), 创新研究群体科学基金 (61621004), 中央高校基础科研业务费 (N150404017), 矿冶过程自动控制技术国家重点实验室开放基金 (BGRIMM-KZSKL-2018-08) 资助 Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (61673092, 61533007, 61304121, 61973057, 61873053), Science Fou-ndation for Innovative Research Groups (61621004), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (N150404017), andOpen Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Process Automationin Mining and Metallurgy (BGRIMM-KZSKL-2018-08) 本文责任编委伍洲 Recommended by Associate Editor WU Zhou 1. 东北大学信息科学与工程学院沈阳 110819 2. 流程工业综合自动化国家重点实验室 (东北大学) 沈阳 110819 1. College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeast-

2) ern University, Shenyang 110819 2. State Key Laboratory ofSynthetical Automation for Process Industries (NortheasternUniversity), Shenyang 110819

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图 1 基于互信息的加权随机森林算法

Fig. 1 Weighted random forest algorithm based on mutual information

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图 2 运行状态等级概率

Fig. 2 Probability of grade of running state

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图 3 运行状态评价等级

Fig. 3 Grade of running state

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图 4 优到次优的转换

Fig. 4 Transformation from optimal to suboptimal

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图 5 次优到非优的转换

Fig. 5 Transformation from suboptimal to non-optimal

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图 6 次优到优的转换

Fig. 6 Transformation from suboptimal to optimal

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图 7 非优到次优的转换

Fig. 7 Transformation from non-optimal to suboptimal

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图 8 优、次优到非优的转换

Fig. 8 Transformation from optimal, suboptimal to non-optimal

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表 1 浸出过程变量列表

Table 1 Key variables affecting leaching efficiency

分割方法	单位	属性
矿石初始来料量	${\rm{kg}}$	定量
浸出调浆后矿浆浓度	%	定量
矿石初始金品位	${\rm{g/t}}$	定性
一浸浸出槽1氰化钠添加量	${\rm{kg/ h}}$	定量
一浸浸出槽2氰化钠添加量	${\rm{kg/ h}}$	定量
一浸浸出槽4氰化钠添加量	${\rm{kg/ h}}$	定量
一浸浸出槽1槽空气流量	${\rm{m^3/ h}}$	定量
一浸浸出槽2槽空气流量	${\rm{m^3/ h}}$	定量
一浸浸出槽3槽空气流量	${\rm{m^3/ h}}$	定量
一浸浸出槽4槽空气流量	${\rm{m^3/ h}}$	定量
二浸前矿浆浓度	%	定量
一浸后金品位	${\rm{g/ t}}$	定性
二浸浸出槽1氰化钠添加量	${\rm{kg/ h}}$	定量
二浸浸出槽2氰化钠添加量	${\rm{kg/ h}}$	定量
二浸浸出槽4氰化钠添加量	${\rm{kg/ h}}$	定量
二浸浸出槽1槽空气流量	${\rm{m^3/ h}}$	定量
二浸浸出槽2槽空气流量	${\rm{m^3/ h}}$	定量
二浸浸出槽3槽空气流量	${\rm{m^3/ h}}$	定量
二浸浸出槽4槽空气流量	${\rm{m^3/ h}}$	定量

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表 2 浸出过程实验设计

Table 2 Experiment of leaching process

数据	等级	描述
1~304	优	1~160个样本点, 过程运行状态等级为“优”; 自第161个样本点, 一浸槽4氰化钠添加量逐渐减少, 运行状态等级优性逐渐减弱, 但始终保持“优”等级, 直到第304个样本点.
305~621	次优	314~479个样本点, 保持一浸槽4氰化钠添加量不变, 过程稳定运行于等级“次优”; 480~621个样本点, 持续减少槽4 氰化钠添加量, 运行状态等级优性再次减弱.
622~850	非优	保持一浸槽4氰化钠添加量不再变化, 过程稳定运行于等级“非优”

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表 3 RF与MIWRF实验结果对比

Table 3 Comparison of experimental results of RF and MIWRF

实验编号	RF决策树数量	MIWRF决策树数量	RF评价精度 (%)	MIWRF评价精度 (%)	决策树减少量 (%)
1	50	19	92.9	94.9	62.0
2	60	24	93.0	95.0	60.0
3	70	31	93.0	95.1	55.8
4	80	32	93.9	95.3	60.0
5	90	36	93.5	95.7	60.0
6	100	39	93.6	96.2	61.0
7	110	43	93.6	95.9	60.9
8	120	46	93.5	95.7	61.7
9	130	51	93.5	96.0	60.8
10	140	54	93.6	95.9	61.4
11	150	58	93.5	95.7	61.3
12	160	62	93.6	95.8	60.6
13	170	63	93.6	96.1	62.9
14	180	65	93.5	96.2	63.9
15	190	69	93.6	96.1	63.7
16	200	71	93.7	96.2	64.5

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表 4 6种评价方法的运行状态评价性能

Table 4 Performances of 6 evaluation methods

方法	KNN	ANN	RF	MIRF	MIWRF	FDbD
精度 (%)	88.8	91.2	93.6	95.2	96.2	93.3
建模时间 (s)	0	51.1519	27.4507	23.0871	23.6831	28.7613
测试时间 (s)	0.69011	0.11933	1.3123	0.9062	0.9639	1.1534

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