基于车辆载带中继的路边单元突发业务分组调度最优策略

代亮; 张亚楠; 钱超; 孟芸; 黄鹤

doi:10.16383/j.aas.c190054

基于车辆载带中继的路边单元突发业务分组调度最优策略

doi: 10.16383/j.aas.c190054

代亮^1,,
张亚楠^1,,
钱超^1,,
孟芸^1,,
黄鹤^1,

1. 长安大学电子与控制工程学院西安 710064

基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划(2018YFB1600600), 国家自然科学基金(61701044)资助

详细信息

作者简介:
代亮：长安大学电子与控制工程学院副教授. 2011年获得西安电子科技大学通信工程学院通信与信息系统专业博士学位. 主要研究方向为车联网理论与应用. 本文通信作者. E-mail: ldai@chd.edu.cn

张亚楠：长安大学电子与控制工程学院硕士研究生. 2015年获得长安大学电子与控制工程学院自动化专业学士学位. 主要研究方向为车联网理论与应用. E-mail: 2016132053@chd.edu.cn

钱超：长安大学电子与控制工程学院讲师. 2013年获得长安大学电子与控制工程学院博士学位. 主要研究方向为智能交通系统. E-mail: qianchao@chd.edu.cn

孟芸：长安大学电子与控制工程学院讲师. 2015年获得西安电子科技大学通信工程学院博士学位. 主要研究方向为无线通信系统. E-mail: mengyun@chd.edu.cn

黄鹤：长安大学电子与控制工程学院副教授. 2009年获得西北工业大学电子信息工程学院博士学位. 主要研究方向为无线通信系统. E-mail: huanghe@chd.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-01-23
- 录用日期: 2019-08-15
- 网络出版日期: 2021-05-21
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-20

Optimal Packet Scheduling Strategy for Roadside Units＇ Bursty Traffic Based on Relaying Vehicles

DAI Liang^1
,,
ZHANG Ya-Nan^1
,,
QIAN Chao^1
,,
MENG Yun^1
,,
HUANG He^1
,

1. School of Electronics and Control Engineering, Chang＇ an University, Xi＇ an 710064

Funds: Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFB1600600) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (61701044)

More Information

Author Bio:
DAI Liang　Associate professor at the School of Electronics and Control Engineering, Chang＇ an University. He received his Ph.D. degree from Xidian University in 2011. His research interest covers theory and application of vehicular networks. Corresponding author of this paper

ZHANG Ya-Nan　Master student at the School of Electronics and Control Engineering, Chang＇ an University. She received her bachelor degree from Chang＇ an University in 2015. Her research interest covers theory and application of vehicular networks

QIAN Chao　Lecturer at the School of Electronics and Control Engineering, Chang＇ an University. He received his Ph.D. degree from Chang＇ an University in 2013. His main research interest is intelligent transportation system

MENG Yun　Lecturer at the School of Electronics and Control Engineering, Chang＇ an University. She received her Ph.D. degree from Xidian University in 2015. Her main research interest is wireless communication system

HUANG He　Associate professor at the School of Electronics and Control Engineering, Chang＇ an University. He received his Ph.D. degree from Northwestern Polytechnical University in 2009. His main research interest is wireless communication system

摘要

摘要:
高速公路车联网场景中, 路边单元(Roadside units, RSUs)可作为多种周边监测数据的汇入网关, 其业务具有突发特性, 且可通过移动车辆以“存储−载带−转发”方式传输到与骨干网络互联的RSU. 针对RSU间业务传输问题, 源RSU可根据实时业务到达率按需匹配资源, 以应对业务突发性对分组端到端时延的影响. 本文首先针对RSU突发业务传输过程建立突发业务到达模型、车辆到达模型和离散车速状态模型; 进而利用受限马尔科夫决策过程对系统状态转移过程进行分析, 并建立非线性平均端到端时延最小化问题; 最后通过分析最优解的形式得出最优分组调度策略具有门限结构. 仿真结果验证了RSU间业务传输过程中排队时延和传播时延之间存在折中, 且该分组调度策略能降低业务传输过程的平均端到端时延.
- 车联网 /
- 路边单元 /
- 突发业务 /
- 分组调度 /
- 存储−载带−转发
Abstract:
In the highway Internet of vehicles scenario, the roadside units (RSUs), whose generated traffic has burst characteristic, served as the gateway of multiple kinds monitored data. Those fused data can be transmitted to the RSU connected with the backbone network through the passing vehicles which serve as opportunistic store-carry-forward devices. For traffic transmission between the RSUs, the source RSU should match resource according to arrival rate of bursty traffic, to control the bursty impact on end-to-end delay. Firstly, the bursty traffic arrival model, the vehicles arrival model, and discrete speed states model were established for bursty traffic transmission between RSUs. Then, the state transition processes were analyzed by constrained Markov decision process, and a non-linear average end-to-end delay minimization problem is established. Finally, it is concluded that the optimal packet scheduling strategy has a threshold structure by analyzing the structure of the optimal solution. The simulation results show that the packet scheduling strategy can reduce the average end-to-end delay of bursty traffic transmission between the RSUs, and verify the tradeoff between average queuing delay and the propagation delay.
- Internet of vehicles /
- roadside unit /
- busty traffic /
- packet scheduling /
- store-carry-forward

HTML全文

图 1 路边单元突发业务分组传输调度示意图

Fig. 1 The schematic of bursty traffic transmission scheduling between roadside units

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图 2 RSU−车辆分组随机调度系统

Fig. 2 The packet scheduling system of RSU-vehicles

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图 3 离散车速状态模型

Fig. 3 Discrete velocity states models

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图 4 马尔科夫链模型

Fig. 4 Markov chain model

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图 5 OPSS-RSUs方法双门限结构

Fig. 5 Double threshold structure of OPSS-RSUs

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图 6 平均排队时延和平均端到端时延随平均传播时延的变化曲线

Fig. 6 Changes in average queuing delay and average end-to-end delay as the average propagation delay increases

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图 7 时延随$\bar \alpha $变化曲线

Fig. 7 Change of delay with $\bar \alpha $

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图 8 时延随$\lambda $变化曲线

Fig. 8 Change of delay with $\lambda $

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表 1 仿真参数表

Table 1 Simulation parameters

参数名称	符号/单位	参数值
RSU缓存容量	$K$/个	100
RSU间隔距离	$L$/m	10 000
速度区间	$[{V_{\min }},{V_{\max }}]$/(m/s)	[16.67, 33.33]
速度期望	$\overline V $/(m/s)	25
速度标准差	$\sigma $	10
车辆到达率	$\lambda $/(辆/s)	0.55
时隙长度	$\Delta t$/s	1
车速状态数量	$W$	4
发送分组数量上限	$S$	2

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表 2 分组到达参数表

Table 2 Packets arrival parameters

分组到达概率${\theta _i}$	${\theta _0}$	${\theta _1}$	${\theta _2}$	平均到达率$\bar \alpha $
方案 1	0.7	0.1	0.2	0.5
方案 2	0.6	0.1	0.3	0.7

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