Medical Chain:联盟式医疗区块链系统

张超; 李强; 陈子豪; 黎祖睿; 张震

doi:10.16383/j.aas.c180131

Medical Chain:联盟式医疗区块链系统

doi: 10.16383/j.aas.c180131

张超^1,,
李强^1, ,,
陈子豪^1,,
黎祖睿^1,,
张震^1,

1.
四川大学计算机学院成都 610065

基金项目:

四川省基于云模式生态化大型软件平台关键技术研发及应用基金 2018GZ0105

四川省基于全IP化的新一代音视频生产云平台关键技术研发及应用基金 2018GZ0104

详细信息

作者简介:
张超  四川大学计算机学院硕士研究生.主要研究方向为区块链.E-mail:zcsd2668@163.com

陈子豪  四川大学计算机学院硕士研究生.主要研究方向为区块链技术与机器学习.E-mail:chenzihao838@163.com

黎祖睿  四川大学计算机学院硕士研究生.主要研究方向为区块链.E-mail:lizurui163@163.com

张震  四川大学计算机学院硕士研究生.主要研究方向为区块链.E-mail:sun_zhangzhen@sina.com

通讯作者:
李强四川大学计算机学院副教授.主要研究方向为嵌入式程序设计, 移动云计算, 大数据.本文通信作者.E-mail:liq@scu.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-03-07
- 录用日期: 2018-08-14
- 刊出日期: 2019-08-20

Medical Chain: Alliance Medical Blockchain System

ZHANG Chao^1
,,
LI Qiang^{1
, ,},
CHEN Zi-Hao^1
,,
LI Zu-Rui^1
,,
ZHANG Zhen^1
,

1.
College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065

Funds:

Research and Application of Key Technologies for Large-scale Software Platform Based on Cloud Mode Ecologicalization, Sichuan Province 2018GZ0105

Development and Application of Key Technologies for New Generation of Audio and Video Production Cloud Platform Based on All-IP, Sichuan Province 2018GZ0104

More Information

Author Bio:
Master student at the College of Computer Science, Sichuan University. His main research interest is blockchain

Master student at the College of Computer Science, Sichuan University. His research interest covers blockchain technology and machine learning

Master student at the College of Computer Science, Sichuan University. His main research interest is blockchain

Master student at the College of Computer Science, Sichuan University. His main research interest is blockchain

Corresponding author: LI Qiang Associate professor at the College of Computer Science, Sichuan University. His research interest covers embedded program design, mobile cloud computing, and big data. Corresponding author of this paper

摘要

摘要: 医疗数据共享、防篡改、防泄漏一直是困扰医疗行业的难题.一位患者在转诊时，往往无法提供以往的就诊信息，原因在于国内各医院医疗信息大多数情况下无法共享，而仅能通过病历、检验单等极易丢失的纸质信息来实现一部分医疗信息的共享.同时，患者的医疗信息极易造成泄露，在出现医疗纠纷时所提供的医疗信息也无法保证真实性与公正性.本文设计了一个基于实用拜占庭容错算法（Practical Byzantine fault tolerance，PBFT）的联盟式医疗区块链系统，该系统是一个多节点共同维护与共享的，并且能够防止医疗数据被篡改、泄露的医疗系统，可用来解决这些医疗难题.与现有医疗区块链系统相比，本系统具有一定的优越性与较好的适用性.
- 医疗区块链 /
- 医疗数据 /
- 共识算法 /
- 医疗信息共享
Abstract: Medical data sharing, anti-tampering, and anti-leakage have always been difficult problems in medical industry. When a patient is on referral, he or she often can not provide information on previous visits. The reason is that many hospitals in China can not share medical information in most cases, and they can only pass the easily lost paper information such as medical records and checklists to achieve part of the medical information sharing. On the other hand, the patient's medical information is easy to leak, and medical information provided in a medical dispute can not be guaranteed in terms of authenticity and impartiality. In this research, an alliance medical blockchain system based on the practical Byzantine fault tolerance algorithm (PBFT) is designed, which is a multi-node maintenance and sharing system, and is able to prevent medical data from being tampered with or leaked. This medical system can be used to solve the above medical problems. Compared with the existing medical blockchain systems, this system has some advantages and good applicability.
- Medical blockchain /
- medical data /
- consensus algorithm /
- medical information sharing
注释:

1) 本文责任编委袁勇

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图 1 PBFT算法三阶段过程

Fig. 1 PBFT algorithm three phases process

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图 2 一条区块链的构成

Fig. 2 Composition of a blockchain

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图 3 区块与交易单构成

Fig. 3 Composition of block and transaction

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图 4 Medical chain数据存储架构

Fig. 4 Medical chain data storage architecture

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图 5 Medical chain节点管理

Fig. 5 Medical chain node management

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图 6 Medical chain消息结构

Fig. 6 Medical chain message structure

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图 7 Medical chain密钥与认证架构

Fig. 7 Medical chain key and authentication architecture

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图 8 Medical chain角色与权限

Fig. 8 Medical chain role and authority

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表 1 Medical chain与现有医疗区块链对比

Table 1 Medical chain vs. existing medical blockchain

系统	基于区块链	共识机制	算法类型	支付报酬	需要节点数	算力需求	投票权比重设定
MDSM	是	改进DPOS	POX	否	121个	小	是
MedRec	是	POW	POX	是	多	大	否
ModelChain	是	POI	POX	是	多	大	否
Medical chain	是	改进PBFT	BFT	否	少, 至少4个	小	否

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表 2 医疗信息化问题与Medical chain应对方式

Table 2 Medical informatization issues and medical chain's solutions

类型	面临问题	应对方式
隐私与安全	恶意攻击医疗数据保护不可抵赖性	将访问控制信息和每次的操作都加入到区块链中, 并且采用非对称加密机制, 能够保证患者的隐私不会受到威胁, 并且无法抵赖
患者参与度	患者难以获取自己的数据每到一家医院需要重新办理就诊卡, 流程繁琐	患者可以在一个平台上查看自己在各家医院的就诊记录, 并且可以隐藏自己相关的医疗信息来保护自己的隐私
数据访问性	医疗研究人员获取医疗数据困难患者获取自己在各医院的就诊记录困难医生获取患者之前的医疗信息困难	采用匿名形式以及访问控制来保证相关研究人员在得到授权后, 可以访问部分医疗信息, 患者可以查看到自己所有的医疗记录, 医生在患者授权下可以访问患者之前的医疗信息
医疗纠纷	在医院与患者发生医疗纠纷时, 医院与患者提供的证据难以确保其真实性	通过数字签名将相关医疗信息及其修改记录存储在区块链中, 确保证据的不可抵赖与真实性

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