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摘要: 快速动态磁共振成像可以通过减少采样量来缩短信号的采集时间.因此，从下采样的数据中重建出高质量的图像成为研究的热点.目前，常见的重建方法利用动态图像序列的稀疏表示实现高质量的重建.本文提出了一种联合相邻帧预测（Joint adjacent-frame prediction，JAFP）的重建方法，首先根据动态图像序列相邻帧之间高度的相似性，联合预测当前帧图像，获得稀疏的图像差；其次，利用图像差序列在时间域的拟周期特性，通过傅里叶变换进一步提高图像差序列的稀疏度.在此基础上构建动态成像模型，并在压缩感知（Compressed sensing，CS）框架下进行求解.该方法可将前一次的重建结果作为新的输入，从而形成迭代算法.采用两个磁共振心脏电影成像数据集对提出的方法进行了实验验证，并与k-t FOCUSS ME/MC和MASTeR进行了比较.实验结果表明，该方法联合相邻帧改进了预测图像的效果，提升了重建图像的质量，具有广泛的应用价值.Abstract: Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging can be accelerated to reduce the signal acquisition time by under-sampling k-space data, so the quality of reconstructed images from under-sampled data has become the focus of research. Currently, the common approaches use sparse representation of dynamic image sequences to improve the reconstruction. This paper proposes a new method named joint adjacent-frame prediction (JAFP) based on the similarity between adjacent frames of dynamic image sequences. The JAFP promotes the quality of the predicted image sequence by jointsing adjacent frames prediction. Meanwhile, observing the quasi-periodicity of the difference of sequences, it further improves the sparsity by applying Fourier transform to the difference sequence along the time direction. Then a dynamic imaging model is setup to incorporate the fidelity constraint and joint sparse promotion, and it is solved in the framework of compressive sensing (CS). Two cardiac cine MR datasets are evaluated to verify the proposed method, and the proposed method is compared with k-t FOCUSS with ME/MC and MASTeR to show the better quality of reconstruction. Experimental results show that JAFP can improve the quality of reconstructed image and has important application value.1) 本文责任编委 张道强
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图 1 相邻帧图像与非相邻帧图像之间的差异
Fig. 1 The difference of between adjacent frame and non-adjacent frame
图 4 数据集1在4倍下采样时重建质量比较
Fig. 4 The comparison of reconstruction quality with acceleration factor of 4 for dataset 1
图 5 数据集1在8倍下采样时重建质量比较
Fig. 5 The comparison of reconstruction quality with acceleration factor of 8 for dataset 1
图 6 数据集1在8倍下采样时左心脏壁灰度均值的比较
Fig. 6 The comparison of reconstructed gray average values and errors with acceleration factor of 8 for left myocardial wall of dataset 1
图 7 数据集1在8倍下采样时右心脏壁灰度均值的比较
Fig. 7 The comparison of reconstructed gray average values and errors with acceleration factor of 8 for right myocardial wall of dataset 1
图 8 数据集1在4倍和8倍下采样时, 重建的ROI及其误差图
Fig. 8 The reconstructed ROI and errors with acceleration factors of 4 and 8 for dataset 1
图 9 在4倍和8倍下采样时, 重建的时间域截面及其误差图
Fig. 9 The reconstructed temporal slices and errors with acceleration factors of 4 and 8
图 10 数据集1在不同下采样倍数(2, 4, 8, 10, 16)下, 不同方法重建综合质量对比图
Fig. 10 The comparison of reconstructed quality with acceleration factors of 2, 4, 8, 10 and 16 for dataset 1
图 11 数据集2在4倍下采样时重建质量比较
Fig. 11 The comparison of reconstruction quality with acceleration factor of 4 for dataset 2
图 12 数据集2在8倍下采样时重建质量比较
Fig. 12 The comparison of reconstruction quality with acceleration factor of 8 for dataset 2
图 13 数据集2在8倍下采样时左心脏壁灰度均值的比较
Fig. 13 The comparison of reconstructed gray average values and errors with acceleration factor of 8 for left myocardial wall of dataset 2
图 14 数据集2在8倍下采样时右心脏壁灰度均值的比较
Fig. 14 The comparison of reconstructed gray average values and errors with acceleration factor of 8 for right myocardial wall of dataset 2
图 15 数据集2在4倍和8倍下采样时, 重建的ROI及其误差图
Fig. 15 The reconstructed ROI and errors with acceleration factors of 4 and 8 for dataset 2
图 16 数据集2在4倍和8倍下采样时, 重建的时间域截面及其误差图
Fig. 16 The reconstructed temporal slices and errors with acceleration factors of 4 and 8 for dataset 2
图 18 在8倍下采样时, 不同运动估计方法重建的ROI及其误差图(从左至右依次为心脏电影成像序列的第7帧、第12帧和第24帧ROI图像
Fig. 18 The reconstructed ROI and errors with different motion estimation plan (the reconstructed ROI of the 7th, 12th, 24th frames with acceleration factor of 8)
图 19 在8倍下采样时, 各迭代次数(0 ~ 7)下重建的第5帧图像ROI及其误差图
Fig. 19 The reconstructed the 5th frame ROIs and errors by 0 ~ 7 times iteration
图 20 在不同迭代次数(0 ~ 7)下, JAFP方法重建综合质量对比图
Fig. 20 The comparison of reconstructed quality with 0 ~ 7 iterations
表 1 运行时间对比
Table 1 The comparison of runtime
方法 运动估计耗时(s) 求解耗时(s) 迭代次数(次) k-t FOCUSS ME/MC 201.78 284.31 1 MASTeR 182.41 23 228.25 4 JAFP 183.32 16 250.73 4 
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