| [1] | Nakamoto S. Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system [Online], available: https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf, December 17, 2019 |
| [2] | 刘敖迪, 杜学绘, 王娜, 李少卓..区块链技术及其在信息安全领域的研究进展.软件学报, 2018, 29(7):2092-2115 Liu Ao-Di, Du Xue-Hui, Wang Na, Li Shao-Zhuo. Research progress of blockchain technology and its application in information security. Journal of Software, 2018, 29(7):2092-2115 |
| [3] | 韩璇, 袁勇, 王飞跃. 区块链安全问题:研究现状与展望. 自动化学报, 2019, 45(1): 206-225 Han Xuan, Yuan Yong, Wang Fei-Yue. Security problems on blockchain: the state of the art and future trends. Acta Automatica Sinica, 2019, 45(1): 206-225. |
| [4] | Nguyen G T, Kim K. A survey about consensus algorithms used in blockchain. Journal of Information Processing Systems, 2018, 14(1). 101-128 |
| [5] | Elli A, Artem B, Vita B, Christian C, Konstantinos C, Angelo D. Hyperledger fabric: A distributed operating system for permissioned blockchains. In: Proceedings of the Thirteenth EuroSys Conference. Porto, Portugal: ACM, 2018. 1−15 |
| [6] | Vukolić M. Rethinking permissioned blockchains. In: Proceedings of the ACM Workshop on Blockchain, Cryptocurrencies and Contracts. Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates: ACM, 2017. 3−7 |
| [7] | Bessani A, Sousa J, Vukolić M. A byzantine fault-tolerant ordering service for the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain platform. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Scalable & Resilient Infrastructures for Distributed Ledgers. Luxembourg City, Luxembourg: IEEE, 2018. 51−58 |
| [8] | 袁勇, 王飞跃. 区块链技术发展现状与展望. 自动化学报, 2016, 42(4): 481-494 Yuan Yong, Wang Fei-Yue. Blockchain: The state of the art and future trends.Acta Automatica Sinica, 2016, 42(4):481-494 |
| [9] | Bach L M, Mihaljevic B, Zagar M. Comparative analysis of blockchain consensus algorithms. In: Proceedings of the 41st International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO). Opatija, Croatia: IEEE, 2018. 1545−1550 |
| [10] | Lamport L, Shostak R, Pease M. The byzantine generals problem. Acm Transactions on Programming Languages & Systems, 1982, 4(3):382-401. |
| [11] | Lamport L. Paxos made simple. ACM Sigact News, 2001, 32(4): 18-25. |
| [12] | Ongaro D, Ousterhout J. In search of an understandable consensus algorithm. In: Proceedings of Usenix Conference on Usenix Technical Conference. Philadelphia, PA, USA: ACM, 2014. 305−319 |
| [13] | 范捷, 易乐天, 舒继武. 拜占庭系统技术研究综述[J]. 软件学报, 2013, 24(6):1346-1360 Fan Jie, Yi Le-Tian, Shu Ji-Wu. Research on the technologies of byzantine system. Journal of Software. 2013, 24(6):1346-1360 |
| [14] | Castro M, Liskov B. Practical byzantine fault tolerance. In: Proceedings of the Third Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. New Orleans, Louisiana, USA: OSDI, 1999. 173−186 |
| [15] | 袁勇, 倪晓春, 曾帅, 王飞跃. 区块链共识算法的发展现状与展望. 自动化学报, 2018, 44(11), 2011-2022 Yuan Yong, Ni Xiao-Chun, Zeng Shuai, Wang Fei-Yue. Blockchain consensus algorithms: the state of the art and future trends. Acta Automatica Sinica, 2018, 44(11), 2011-2022 |
| [16] | Bentov I, Lee C, Mizrahi A, Rosenfeld M. Proof of activity: Extending bitcoin' s proof of work via proof of stake [Online], available: http://eprint.iacr.org/2014/452, December 16, 2019 |
| [17] | S King, S Nadal. PPCoin: Peer-to-peer crypto-currency with proofof-stake (whitepaper) [Online], available: https://bitcoin.peryaudo.org/vendor/peercoin-paper.pdf, December 17, 2019 |
| [18] | Li W, Andreina S, Bohli J M, Karame G. Securing proof-of-stake blockchain protocols. In: Proceedings of Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain Technology. Barcelona, Spain: Springer, 2017. 297−315 |
| [19] | Bitshares. Delegated proof of stake [Online], available: https://docs.bitshares.org/en/master/technology/dpos.html, December 17, 2019 |
| [20] | Silvio M, Salil V, Michael R. Verifiable random functions. In: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science. New York, USA : IEEE, 1999. 120−130 |
| [21] | Abdalla M, Catalano D, Fiore D. Verifiable random functions from identity-based key encapsulation. In: Proceedings of Annual International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques. Cologne, Germany: Springer, 2009. 554−571 |
| [22] | Gilad Y, Hemo R, Micali S, Vlachos G, Zeldovich K. Algorand: Scaling byzantine agreements for cryptocurrencies. In: Proceedings of the 26th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles. Shanghai, China: ACM, 2017. 51−68 |
| [23] | Hanke T, Movahedi M, Williams D. Dfinity technology overview series, consensus system. arXiv preprint arXiv: 2018, 1805. 04548 |
| [24] | Boneh D, Boyen X. Short signatures without random oracles. In: Proceedings of International conference on the theory and applications of cryptographic techniques. Interlaken, Switzerland: Springer, 2004. 56−73 |
| [25] | Kiayias A, Russell A, David B, Oliynykov R. Ouroboros: A provably secure proof-of-stake blockchain protocol. In: Proceedings of Annual International Cryptology Conference. Paris, France: Springer, 2017. 357−388 |
| [26] | David B, Gaži P, Kiayias A, Russell A. Ouroboros Praos: An adaptively-secure, semi-synchronous proof-of-stake blockchain. In: Proceedings of Annual International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques. Tel Aviv, Israel: Springer, 2018. 66−98 |
| [27] | Hearn M. Corda: A distributed ledger [Online], available: https://www.corda.net/content/corda-technical-whitepaper.pdf, December 17, 2019 |
| [28] | Yamashita K, Nomura Y, Zhou E, Pi B, Jun S. Potential risks of Hyperledger Fabric smart contracts. In: Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE International Workshop on Blockchain Oriented Software Engineering (IWBOSE). Hangzhou, China: IEEE, 2019. 1−10 |
| [29] | Manevich Y, Barger A, Tock Y. Endorsement in Hyperledger Fabric via service discovery. IBM Journal of Research and Development, 2019, 63(2):1-9 |
| [30] | Brandenburger M, Cachin C, Kapitza R, Sorniotti A. blockchain and trusted computing: Problems, pitfalls, and a solution for Hyperledger Fabric. arXiv preprint arXiv, 2018, 1805. 08541 |
| [31] | Sukhwani H, Wang N, Trivedi K S, Rindos A. Performance modeling of Hyperledger Fabric (permissioned blockchain network). In: Proceedings of the IEEE 17th International Symposium on Network Computing and Applications (NCA). Cambridge, MA, USA: IEEE, 2018. 1−8 |
| [32] | Sukhwani H, Martínez J M, Chang X, Trivedi K, Rindos A. Performance modeling of pbft consensus process for permissioned blockchain network (hyperledger fabric). In: Proceedings of the IEEE 36th Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems (SRDS). Hong Kong, China: IEEE, 2017. 253−255 |
| [33] | Baliga A, Solanki N, Verekar S, Pednekar A, Kamat P, Chatterjee S. Performance characterization of Hyperledger Fabric. In: Proceedings of the 2018 Crypto Valley Conference on Blockchain Technology (CVCBT). Zug, Switzerland: IEEE, 2018. 65−74 |
| [34] | Goldberg S, Reyzin L, Papadopoulos D, Vcelak J. Verifiable random functions (VRFs) [Online], available: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-irtf-cfrg-vrf/, February 8, 2019 |
| [35] | Boneh D, Lynn B, Shacham H. Short signatures from the Weil pairing. In: Proceedings of International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security. Gold Coast, Australia: Springer, 2001. 514−532 |
| [36] | Carter J L, Wegman M N. Universal classes of hash functions. Journal of computer and system sciences, 1979, 18(2): 143-154 doi: 10.1016/0022-0000(79)90044-8 |
| [37] | Nguyen T S L, Jourjon G, Potop-Butucaru M, Thai K L. Impact of network delays on Hyperledger Fabric. arXiv preprint arXiv: 2019. 1903. 08856 |